Beginning Leash Training – Introducing Your Pup to a Leash
By Michele Welton, Dog Trainer, Breed Selection Consultant, Author of 15 Dog Books
This article is for pups who have never had a leash on or who won't walk at all when you put their leash on.
If your dog already walks confidently on a leash but pulls you around, read this leash training article instead.
So... for dogs who have never had a leash on
Put on a buckle collar. Let the pup wear it for a day to get used to it. He might scratch vigorously at it for awhile, but that will pass.
Attach a lightweight leash, 4- to 6-feet long with a lightweight snap.
Let your pup lead you around at first. Put no pressure on the leash. Just follow him around so he gets used to the two of you moving in close proximity.
Time to stand still! Now.... holding your end of the leash, stand still. It shouldn't take long before your dog, wandering around, tightens the leash so it's pulling on his collar. If he doesn't wander away on his own, take a few steps in any direction, just enough that the leash gets taut. Then stand still.
Now observe what happens:
- Some dogs feel the pressure on their collar and quickly discover that if they move toward you, the pressure stops. Praise the pup "Yes! Good!" and reward with a treat. Repeat lots of times. You're teaching the pup the valuable lesson of "yielding" to leash pressure.
- Some dogs don't seem to notice (or mind) the pressure on their collar. They're so eager to run around that they pull happily in all directions. That's okay for now! We'll get the pulling under control in the next article.
- Some pups become vigorously resistant when they feel pressure on their collar. They rear up on their hind legs, leap around like a hooked fish, bite the leash, wrap their front feet over the leash, even holler.
- Finally, some pups are passively resistant. They face you at the end of the leash, feet braced, refusing to move.
Whether your dog is vigorously or passively resistant, DON'T respond with sympathetic murmurings. DON'T pull the pup toward you, but also DON'T release the tension on the leash. Just hold onto your end calmly and patiently, as though you don't see any problem here.
If the pup doesn't quickly figure out how to relieve the pressure by moving in your direction, crouch down and pat your leg to encourage him to come toward you. You want him to learn that HE has the power to stop the pressure by moving toward you.
When he takes even one step in your direction, praise with your animated voice ("Yes! Good! Good!") and hold out a treat. That should get his attention and hopefully get him trotting the rest of the way to you so you can give him the treat.
Pups who really won't walk
A few dogs are determined that they're not going to walk at all. Some will even sit or lie down.
1) Start with treats!
Hold a tiny piece of cooked chicken in front of his nose. If he shows interest, make him walk a step or two before giving it to him. Praise!
Gradually make him take more steps before giving him the treat. Three steps.... treat. Five steps.... treat. Seven steps.... treat. He needs to work for his food!
Alternatively, to save yourself a spot of back pain from bending way down with treats, you might try a long wooden spoon from your kitchen. Smear some peanut butter and cheese on it. Hold the spoon in front of the pup's nose and see if he will trot beside you, occasionally getting a lick of the spoon.
The problem is that some clever pups decide they won't walk unless they see a treat. And you can't bribe them forever.
2) Use alternating pressure on the leash.
If your dog refuses to budge without a treat, just start walking. The leash will obviously become taut when you reach the end, but don't stop walking. Instead, move your hand quickly toward the braced pup, which will create a bit of slack in the leash.
That will catch him by surprise. He might even wobble a bit since there is no longer a tight leash to brace against. Take advantage of his surprise by quickly pulling him toward you just enough to make him take a couple of steps.
Remember to keep walking as you do this, and to keep encouraging him to follow you. "Let's go, Duke! Here we go!" Whenever the pup refuses to walk, or sits or lies down, use that alternating technique (loosen/tighten/loosen) that should make him take a couple of steps.
Keep walking.... that's the key to getting a balky pup to start moving. He's attached to the leash, so if you keep moving, he has to move also.
By alternately loosening, tightening, and loosening the leash, as you keep walking slowly, you'll be able to move the dog in the same direction you're walking, a few steps at a time. Yes, it will be a bit herky-jerky for him, but that won't last long.
Remember, dogs are opportunists. They want to do things that bring them some benefit and to avoid doing things that cause discomfort. Your pup will soon discover that he can stop the herky-jerky movement AND get praise and treats if he simply trots along with you.
Now on to real leash training!
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